Semaglutide 2·4 mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Lincoff A.M. et al.

The first hard-endpoint cardiovascular outcomes trial of a GLP-1 in non-diabetics. 17,604 patients with prior CV disease and BMI ≥27; 20% relative reduction in MACE at mean 39.8 months. This is the paper that moved semaglutide from a weight-loss drug to a cardiovascular drug.

Jastreboff A.M. et al.

Tirzepatide's coming-out party. At the 15 mg dose, participants lost a mean 22.5% of body weight over 72 weeks across 2,539 adults without diabetes — numbers that approach bariatric-surgery territory and reset every expectation for pharmacotherapy.

Wilding J.P.H. et al.

The trial that turned semaglutide into a household word. 14.9% mean body-weight reduction at 68 weeks vs. 2.4% on placebo across 1,961 adults — the result that opened the floodgates for the entire GLP-1 wave.

Aronne L.J. et al.

The head-to-head everyone was waiting for. 751 adults over 72 weeks: 20.2% weight loss with tirzepatide vs. 13.7% with semaglutide at max tolerated doses — a 6.5-point gap that's clinically meaningful but smaller than the marketing suggests. Both drugs work; tirzepatide works more.